Speed-governor for explosive-engines.



No. 663,!83. Patented Dec. 4, I900. J. & B.IMILLDT.

SPEED GOVERNOR FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES. 7

(Application filed .Aug. 18. 1898.)

(No Model.) 7 2 Sheets-Sheet l,

FIG. 1

No. 663,l83. Patented Dec. 4, I900.

. J. &. B. MILLUT.

SPEED GOVERNOR FUR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

(Application filed Aug. 18, 1898.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet -2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH MILLOT AND B'ENOI T MILLO T, OF GRAY, FRANCE.

SPEED-GOVERNOR FOR EXPLOSlVE-ENGINES.

SPEGIFIGATIONiOrining part of Letters Patent No. 663,183, dated December 4, 1900; Application filed August 18. 1898. Serial No. 688,857- (No model.)

France, have invented new and useful In] provements in Apparatus for Supplying Oil to Explosion-Engines, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification;

Our invention has for its object an automatic petroleum-feed device applicable to all explosion-motors wherein the cycle comprises a suction period either in the motor-cylinder. or in a separate cylinder designed to prepare the explosive mixture.

To form an explosive mixture the combus tion of which shall be complete, it is necessary to introduce into the presence of a given quantity of air a determined quantity of pe-' troleum; and it is the object of our invention to provide means for obtaining this result.

In the motors for which ourimprovement is especially designed (though it is not necessarily limited to any one type) the carburation of the air is effected by drawing petroleum through an exceedingly small orifice (about half a millimeter in diameter) which opens into the tube through which the air flows to the cylinder. It will be easilyunderstood that the petroleum is projected into: the tube in quantity which increases with the degree of the partial vacuum created in the tube during the suction-strokethat is to say, it increases with the tenuity of the air and conversely it is projected very feebly if the air flows in excess. It is clear that the principle of these apparatus is faulty and in complete contradiction to the object desired, as the mode of operation causes the air and petroleum to mix together in an inversely-proportional manner. Their regulation can only be effected Within limits which are very restricted and difficult to attain. For this reason petroleum motors in unskilled hands spread a disagreeable odor,which odor results from the faulty proportions of the air and petroleum admitted to the cylinder, and it is for this reason also that their power has been designated as uncertain.

The apparatus is represented in vertical section in Figure 1. Fig. 2 shows, on a smaller scale, its application to any motor. Fig. 2

is a projection in elevation on a plane per cylinder A, in which a very light piston B can freely move, the said piston being guided by a central rod 0. At its upper part this rod passes through a milled headF, carried by the cover E, said head Fadapted to be screwed to thereby vary the distance which separates it from a nut V upon the upper end of the rod. A spring H serves to hold it in any position which it is caused to assume. At its lower part the rod 0 is formed in two parts of difierent diameter a and b, the diameter of a being greater than that of b, and these two parts of the rod are separated by a conical portion I, forming a valve which seats upon a socket portion forming the bottom J of the cylinder. A springK tends to bring the valve to its seat. The end or smaller part b of the rod is formed with a central bore into which open small transverse holes g. A short tube L is formed on the cplinder A and communicates with it through an aperture M. This tube L is provided at its ends with two flanges N N, by means of which the apparatus is interposed in the air-inlet pipe L L of the motor-cylinder. A pin-valve P is pressed by a spring R against a hole or passage q, which connects a space 1" with the said tube L. The rise of this valve is small and is limited by a stop Q. A sheet of fine wire-gauze S is provided, through which the petroleum passes before being utilized in order that it may be freed from any impurities which it may contain. A screwed projection T allows of the reservoir containing petroleum being placed in communication with the apparatus.

A weight B, Fig. 2, is pivoted at O and turns on the center 0 in a cylindrical box Z and is operated by gear-wheels X X, the diameters of which are such that the weight B turns with a velocity half as great as that of the motor. Under the action of centrifugal force the weight B-bears against the concentric fixed surface A of the box, against which it is shaped to fit exactly, so as to close an orifice 2 during the suction-stroke of the motor. A spring R opposes its action to that of the centrifugal force and so long as the'normal Velocity is not departed from maintains the outer surface of the weight B at about one millimeter from the said surface A. The apparatus thus described constitutes a centrifugal governor which according to the variations in speed controls the action of the oilsupplying device.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The petroleum, coming from any suitable reservoir, enters the apparatus through the inlet T, passes through the filter S, flows through the central bore formed in the end b of the rod, thence through the holes 9 therein, so as to fill the space U around the rod, and then stops under the valve I. When the suctionstroke of the motor commences, the draft of air from the cylinder creates in the passage L L and short tube L a partial vacuum,which extends through the aperture M therein under the piston B of the apparatus, and as the upper face of the said piston is in communication with the atmosphere by 00 t the piston is forced downward by the difference of-pressure on its two faces and carries with it the rod 0, which is fixed thereto. This movement of the piston is limited by the contact of. the nut V with the screwed plug F, which is adjustable, as above described. As soon as the rod 0 commences its movement the valve I thereon leaves its seat and tlfe small holes 9 therein are closed by the bushing y, in which it slides, and the petroleum contained in the space U around the rod is displaced by the plunger or larger part aof the'end of the rod 0, rises above the valve I, forces back the pinvalve P, so as to uncover the opening of its hole or passage q, and in a finely-divided condition reaches the air-current which at this moment --fiows through the short tube or cylinder L, so

as to form with it the explosive charge. At the end of the suction-stroke the spring K returns the rod 0 to its initial position. At each flow of air into the motor-cylinderthat is to say, only when the normal velocity is not exceededthe apparatus projects into the areas of the larger and smaller parts a, and b V of the central rod multiplied by its stroke. When the speed increases, the spring R of the weight B yields,and the .Weight by being applied against the surface A of the box closes the orifice z therein during the Whole of the suction operation. As a consequence of this, the atmospheric pressure being .no longer exerted upon the upper face of the piston B, the said piston does not descend and the distribution of petroleum ceases until the normal velocity is resumed.

The piston B can be replaced by a diaphragm of any suitable material connectedto the central rod 0 and producing the same result as the piston.

We claim as our invention the following-defined novel features, substantially as hereinbefore specified, namely:

1. An oil-feed device fora petroleum-motor, comprising a piston, an oil-admission valve opened by the displacement thereof, one side of said piston communicating with the suction-passage of the-motor, and the opposite side communicating with the atmosphere, and

a centrifugal governor controlling the latter communication, constructed to close it when the speed becomes excessive, and thereby prevent the displacement of the piston by the suction in said suction-passage.

2. An oil-feed device for a petroleum-motor, comprising a piston, an oil-admission valve opened by the displacement thereof, one side of said piston communicating with the suction-passage of the motor,andthe opposite side communicating with the atmosphere through a passage 6, a shell A to which said passage leads, a weighted valve B revolving in said shell, adapted when thrown outward by excessive speed to close said passage 25 during the suction-stroke of the engine, and a spring R adapted to restrain said Weight while the speed remains normal.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH MILLOT. BENOIT MILLOT.

Witnesses:

ALBERT ROUGETET, MAURICE BILLOT. 

